Endocrine Disruptors

Endocrine Disruptor: This Webpage was compiled by Dr. Lin at The Hormone Research Center (HRC), Korea in the summer of 2004 under the sponsorship of the NIH-MIRT program. Dr. Lin would like to thank Dr. H-B Kwon (Director, HRC), Dr. R-S Ahn, faculty and staffs at the HRC for their input and hospitality

NRDC: Endocrine Disruptors FAQ

An endocrine disruptor is a synthetic chemical that when absorbed into the body either mimics or blocks hormones and disrupts the body's normal functions. This disruption can happen through altering normal hormone levels, halting or stimulating the production of hormones, or changing the way hormones travel through the body, thus affecting the functions that these hormones control. Chemicals that are known human endocrine disruptors include diethylstilbesterol (the drug DES), dioxin, PCBs, DDT, and some other pesticides. Many chemicals, particularly pesticides and plasticizers, are suspected endocrine disruptors based on limited animal studies.

http://www.nrdc.org/health/effects/qendoc.asp

Environmental Protection Agency

Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program In recent years, some scientists have proposed that certain chemicals might be disrupting the endocrine system of humans and wildlife. A variety of chemicals have been found to disrupt the endocrine systems of animals in laboratory studies, and compelling evidence shows that endocrine systems of certain fish and wildlife have been affected by chemical contaminants, resulting in developmental and reproductive problems. Based on this and other evidence, Congress passed the Food Quality Protection Act in 1996, requiring that EPA initiate EDSP to screen pesticide chemicals and environmental contaminants for their potential to affect the endocrine systems of humans and wildlife.

http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/oscpendo/

[Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals, EDC] (Google)

What are Endocrine Disruptors?

PAUL GOETTLICH 16jun01 (rev.5dec03)
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Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Endocrine Disruptor Knowledge Base [EDKB]

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EHP: Environmental Health Perspectives (Endocrine Disruptor)

Endocrine Disruptors - NIEHS Alphabetical Listing of Health Topics
Answers to some common environmental questions from NIEHS, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, which conducts basic research on ..
http://www.niehs.nih.gov/external/faq/endisrp.htm - 7.8KB

Environews Topic: Endocrine Disruptors

	Colborn T, vom Saal FS, Soto AM.	Related Articles
	Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans. Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):378-84. Review. [FullText]

	Colborn T.	Related Articles
	Neurodevelopment and endocrine disruption. Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Jun;112(9):944-9. Review. [pdf]

DeVito M, Biegel L, Brouwer A, Brown S, Brucker-Davis F, Cheek AO, Christensen R, Colborn T, Cooke P, Crissman J, Crofton K, Doerge D, Gray E, Hauser P, Hurley P, Kohn M, Lazar J, McMaster S, McClain M, McConnell E, Meier C, Miller R, Tietge J, Tyl R. Related Articles

Screening methods for thyroid hormone disruptors.
Environ Health Perspect. 1999 May;107(5):407-15. Review. [FullText]

Colborn T. Related Articles,

Clues from wildlife to create an assay for thyroid system disruption.
Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Jun;110 Suppl 3:363-7. Review. [FullText] [pdf]

Exposure to 4-tert-Octylphenol Accelerates Sexual Differentiation and Disrupts Expression of Steroidogenic Factor 1 in Developing Bullfrogs (pdf), Environmental Health Perspectives • VOLUME 111 | NUMBER 4 | April 2003; Loretta P. Mayer, Cheryl A. Dyer, and Catherine R. Propper; Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA

Hermaphroditic, demasculinized frogs after exposure to the herbicide atrazine at low ecologically relevant doses.

Hayes TB, Collins A, Lee M, Mendoza M, Noriega N, Stuart AA, Vonk A. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2002 Apr 16; 99(8): 5476-5480.PMCID: 122794 [FullText] [pdf]

Effects of Endocrine-disrupting Contaminants on Amphibian Oogenesis: Methoxychlor Inhibits Progesterone-induced Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes in Vitro.
Daniel B. Pickford and Ian D. Morris.
Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 107, Number 4
April 1999

Estrogenic Activity Assessment of Environmental Chemicals Using in Vitro Assays: Identification of Two New Estrogenic Compounds.
Isabelle Lascombe, Dominique Beffa, Urs Rüegg, Joseph Tarradellas, and Walter Wahli. Environmental Health Perspectives • VOLUME 108 | NUMBER 7 | July 2000. [FullText] [pdf]

Chemical communication threatened by endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Fox JE. Environmental Endocrinology Laboratory, Center for Bioenvironmental Research at Tulane and Xavier Universities, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. jenfox@uoregon.edu. Environ Health Perspect. 2004 May;112(6):648-53. [pdf]

In Vitro Endocrine Disruptor Screening Assays (NIEHS)

BACKGROUND REVIEW MATERIALS
for the In Vitro Endocrine Disruptor
Screening Assays [archived here]

Endocrine Disruptor BRD Page (Final)
In Vitro Endocrine Disruptor Final Background Review Documents (BRDs) October 2002 Estrogen Receptor Binding Estrogen Receptor Transcriptional Activation Androgen ..
http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/methods/endodocs/ed_brd.htm - 15.5KB

NIEHS Press Release - Reports in Children’s Environmental Health Issue Suggest: Maternal ...
Data collected in eight geographic areas in North America, Europe, and Israel suggest that maternal vitamin supplementation for two ..
http://www.niehs.nih.gov/oc/news/chealth.htm - 10.3KB

ICCVAM Final Report and Public Comments:

	*ICCVAM Evaluation of In Vitro* Test Methods For Detecting Potential Endocrine Disruptors:**
	Estrogen Receptor and Androgen Receptor Binding and Transcriptional Activation Assays. NIH Publication No. 03-4503. May 2003. [PDF (8.4 MB) or HTML]

Cloning and characterization of estrogen receptor alpha in mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus. Urushitani H, Nakai M, Inanaga H, Shimohigashi Y, Shimizu A, Katsu Y, Iguchi T. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2003 May 30;203(1-2):41-50. [HTML or PDF] doi:10.1016/S0303-7207(03)00118-7
Copyright © 2003 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Interaction of xenobiotics with estrogen receptors alpha and beta and a putative plasma sex hormone-binding globulin from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) • ARTICLE
General and Comparative Endocrinology, Volume 136, Issue 3, 1 May 2004, Pages 338-345
William L. Gale , Reynaldo Patiño and Alec G. Maule (pdf)
SummaryPlus | Full Text + Links | PDF (231 K)

Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology (NIHES)

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The National Toxicology Program (NTP)
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National Toxicology Program Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction (CERHR) - http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/
Resource for the latest information about potentially hazardous effects of chemicals on human reproduction and development.

Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases - http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/endo/endo.htm
Patient information on a variety of endocrine disorders.

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The Superfund Basic Research Program is focused on acquiring new scientific and engineering knowledge that advances both society's understanding of the human and ecological risks from hazardous substances and the development of new environmental technologies for the cleanup of Superfund sites.

2004 RESEARCH BRIEFS

Research Brief 116: Investigating the Impact of Organic Mixtures on Cardiac Development of the Killifish (Release Date: 08/04/2004)

(Superfund Chemicals Impact on Reproduction and Development, Duke Univ.- P42ES10356)

Markers for Chemical Mixtures in Fundulus heteroclitus
PI: Richard Di Giulio, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University

Transgenic Fish as Biosensors for Superfund Chemicals
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Research Brief 21: Mechanisms of Dioxin Sensitivity and Acquired Resistance (Release Date: 05/27/1998)

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Endocrine Disruptor Research Initiative (Fact Sheet, Publications)

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Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP)

Primer

The Health and Ecological Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: A Framework for Planning (PDF), (research inventory)

Assay Development and Validation

Priority Setting Activities

Framework for the Global Endocrine Disruptor Inventory

The research planning framework used to develop this inventory was patterned after that developed by the Endocrine Disruptor Working Group of the US Committee on the Environment and Natural Resources and which is included in the document entitled "The Health and Ecological Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: A Framework for Planning."

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

PCB Home Page at EPA - http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/pcb/
Provides information on Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB's). Background, resources and links to many topics.

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	Summary of Workshop Highlights, Workshop on Consumption Advisories for Mercury in Gulf Marine Fish, December 11-12, 2002 [PDF, 98kb]
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	The Occurrence of Mercury in the Fishery Resources of the Gulf of Mexico plus Interactive Data Mapper and Gulfwide Mercury in Tissue Database

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Pollutants/Toxics -> Chemicals -> Endocrine Disruptors

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11	Endocrine Disruptors and Testis Development The proposed research is designed to develop a better understanding of how endocrine disruptors influence testis development and function. URL: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.abstr actDetail/abstract/992
12	Development and Preliminary Validation of a Rapid Progestin-Based Endocrine Disruption Screening Assay (Final Report) Xenopus laevis oocyte maturation germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) model as a system for the rapid evaluation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) found in the workplace or the environment. Concerns regarding the presence of endocrine disruptors in food, water, or other environmental media as well as concerns about the potential risk they pose to humans and wildlife have been growing in recent years. URL: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.abstr actDetail/abstract/5079

56	Potential of Chemicals to Affect the Endocrine System Discusses endocrine disruptors, their effects, and what steps the EPA is taking to address the issue. URL: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/3file.htm

The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) - The National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is the Federal agency responsible
for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related
disease and injury. The Institute is part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NIOSH has a variety of publications on PCBs. To locate these documents, enter PCBs or Polychlorinated Biphenyls or PCB in NIOSH's search function

The Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) - The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is to save lives, prevent injuries and protect the health of America's workers. To accomplish this, federal and state governments must work in partnership with the more than 100 million working men and women and their six and a half million employers who are covered by the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. OSHA has a variety of publications on PCBs. To locate these documents, enter PCBs or Polychlorinated Biphenyls or PCB in OSHA's search function.

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Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), as an agency of the US
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health effects and diminished quality of life associated with exposure to hazardous substances from waste sites, unplanned releases, and other sources of pollution present in the environment

The public health implications of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the environment • REVIEW ARTICLE

Volume 59, Issue 3, Pages 275-376 (November 2004)
Gilbert Ross | Pages 275-291

American Council on Science and Health, 1995 Broadway, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10023-5860, USA

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Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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American Council on Science and Health. ... American Council on Science and Health 1995
Broadway New York, NY 10023-5860 phone: (212) 362-7044 http://www.acsh.org. ...
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This site provides interactive access to data from NASS, as part of a cooperative effort among USDA, the USDA Regional Pest Management Centers and the NSF Center for Integrated Pest Management (CIPM). All data available have been previously published by NASS and have been consolidated at the state level.

NSFCIPM fosters the development and implementation of pest management programs based on a high level of knowledge of pest biology coupled with choices of monitoring tools and control technology, resulting in economically sound, environmentally compatible, and sociologically responsible integrated crop production

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	1.	ARS \| Publication request: Relationship Between Fatty Acids and the Endocrine System. ARS \|
	...Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Agricultural Research...Between Fatty Acids and the Endocrine System. Author item Bhathena...dietary fatty acids and the endocrine system. In turn, endocrine system (hormones) also...
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ARS | Publication request: Endocrine Responses to Short-Term Feed Deprivation in Weanling Pigs ARS

...Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Agricultural Research...Service Research > Title: Endocrine Responses to Short...objective was to determine endocrine responses to a short-term...Site Map - Contact Us - Freedom of Information...

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United States Department of Agriculture Home Page US Forest Service Home Page Pesticide Management Home Page...Metsulfuron methyl (Escort) Neurotoxicity, Immunotoxicity, and Endocrine Disruption with Specific Commentary on Glyphosate, Triclopyr, and...
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Endocrine Disruption in Fish:

An Assessment of Recent Research and Results

U.S. Department of Commerce, (NOAA) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS CCMA 149 (html)

Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), National Ocean Service (NOS)

Pait, A.S. and J. O. Nelson. 2002. Endocrine Disruption in Fish: An Assessment of Recent Research and Results. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOS NCCOS CCMA 149. Silver Spring, MD: NOAA, NOS, Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment 55pp.

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OUR LIVING OCEANS
REPORT ON THE STATUS OF U.S. LIVING MARINE RESOURCES 1999 (pdf)

NMFS. 1999. Our Living Oceans. Report on the status of U.S. living marine resources, 1999. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-F/SPO-41, on-line version, http://spo.nwr.noaa.gov/olo99.htm.

Recognizing the importance of fish habitat to the productivity and sustainability of U.S. marine fisheries, in 1996 Congress added new habitat conservation provisions to the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act), the federal law that governs U.S. marine fisheries management. Congress asserted the following in the Findings section of the Magnuson-Stevens Act:

One of the greatest long-term threats to the viability of commercial and recreational fisheries is the continuing loss of marine, estuarine, and other aquatic habitats. Habitat considerations should receive increased attention for the conservation and management of fishery resources of the United States (16 U.S.C. 1801 (A)(9)).

A Bouillabaisse of Fascinating Facts About Fish

These are the Most Frequently Asked Questions containing some fascinating facts about fish

Contaminants in the Environment

NOAA's Trustee Role | NOS Cleanup and Restoration Tools

Contaminants can impact natural resources, public health and the economy. Most enter the environment from industrial and commercial facilities; oil and chemical spills; non-point sources such as roads, parking lots, and storm drains; and wastewater treatment plants and sewage systems. Many hazardous waste sites and industrial facilities have been contaminated for decades and continue to impact the environment.

Pollutants that resist breakdown and accumulate in the food chain are of greatest concern because they are consumed or absorbed by fish and wildlife, which in turn are consumed by humans. The chemical contamination of sediments continues to affect large coastal areas, threaten human health, and reduce the economic well-being of regions that depend on a healthy coastal environment.

NOAA acts as a trustee for coastal and marine resources under the authority of the Clean Water Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1990, the National Marine Sanctuaries Act, the Coastal Zone Management Act, and the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. In addition, the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) identifies the Department of Commerce as the primary federal trustee for protecting and restoring coastal resources affected by oil or hazardous materials. The NCP also describes NOAA’s role in providing scientific support during response activities and participating in domestic and international planning and response activities

Contamination can lead to detrimental effects in fish and other species. Shown here is a fish with tumors

Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management

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The Central and Southern Florida Project Comprehensive Plan provides the road map for restoring and protecting the south Florida ecosystem. The Plan "gets the water right" by addressing four fundamental issues: the quantity, quality, timing and distribution of water.

The Comprehensive Plan is also part of a larger effort to restore the ecosystem and provide for a sustainable south Florida. A strategic plan for this larger effort is being developed under the direction of the South Florida Ecosystem Task Force by federal, state, local and tribal leaders. It will focus on bringing together other restoration efforts under one framework. Over 200 projects will be tied together under the strategic plan.

The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP)

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	DeVito M, Biegel L, Brouwer A, Brown S, Brucker-Davis F, Cheek AO, Christensen R, Colborn T, Cooke P, Crissman J, Crofton K, Doerge D, Gray E, Hauser P, Hurley P, Kohn M, Lazar J, McMaster S, McClain M, McConnell E, Meier C, Miller R, Tietge J, Tyl R.	Related Articles
	Screening methods for thyroid hormone disruptors. Environ Health Perspect. 1999 May;107(5):407-15. Review. [FullText]

	Colborn T.	Related Articles,
	Clues from wildlife to create an assay for thyroid system disruption. Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Jun;110 Suppl 3:363-7. Review. [FullText] [pdf]